Short answer questions

Early Education and Care

1. Discuss four ways to prevent infection in an early childhood environment?

2. List three indirect ways infections can be spread.

3. Identify three occasions or situations when an educator should wash their hands.

4. Describe two ways you can respect a child’s need for privacy during toileting, dressing and undressing times.

5. Complete the following sentences about the correct way to administer medication

a. Medication given to a child in care must be authorised by                           

b. The medication must be clearly marked with the                           

c. The medication must not exceed the                           .

 d.The medication must be in its original                           

e. The parents must fill in a medication authorisation form for the child with the name of the medication, amount, time, time of last does, and                         .                                                                                                                             f. Medication should be stored well away from                           

6. Briefly explain the key environmental factors that can impact on rest and sleep within an early childhood and education care setting.

7. Describe two strategies you can implement to adequately supervise children to ensure safety.

8. Describe four hazards that you might find in an early childhood and education service (inside and out). Then describe the action you would take to eliminate or minimise risk.
List of potential hazards Action you would take

9. Identify six signs that you should look for in an attack of asthma, which may indicate an appropriate time for a child to use an asthma reliever.

10. State what steps you can take to actively implement an early childhood education and care service’s procedure for the safe collection of children to avoid releasing a child into the care of a non-authorised person. 

11. There are many causes for childhood injuries, many of which can be avoided. For each of the below identify two preventative measures (actions) you can take in an education and care setting to reduce the risk of injury.Injury Possibly caused by Preventative measuresChoking Swallowing small objects such as food, batteries, bottle caps, coins or balloons Poisoning Ingesting medicines or cleaning products Drowning Unsupervised water play Burns or scalding Stoves, ovens, steam from kettles or hot liquids, fire Strangulation Necklaces, drawstrings on clothes, cords on toys, appliances or window blinds Sunburn Inadequate sun protection Head injuries Falls from highchairs, slippery floors or a fall from the play equipment Eye injuries Dust, sand or chemical sprays Fractures and sprains Hard falls Bumps, scrapes, bruises, fractures, sprains, permanent disability or death Running out into the service car park or road

12. Responsibility for the management of asthma is shared. In the table below, or similar, identify five actions that parents, the service and educators should do to work together to provide a safe and healthy environment for children with asthma.Five actions under each heading should be recorded.Parents or guardians Service Educator (staff) Part B – Case studies• Read the following case studies, then answer the questions or complete the task that follows.

Case studies
Case study 1Jeng, a child age two, has a suspected case of hand, foot and mouth disease. Jeng’s mum has been contacted and has come to pick him up. She is very upset and wants to know why Jeng must be excluded – to her he seems well, and she cannot take time off from her job to stay home with him.

Answer or complete the following tasks:

1. Discuss the points you should discuss with Jeng’s mother.

2. State what documentation could be referred to when discussing the situation with Jeng’s mother, and explain why would this would be helpful in the discussion.

Case Study

2Monica is a 19 month old who attends your service. Soon after arriving she appears flushed and warm to touch. She is generally an outgoing child however today does not want to play with the other children. She remains seated on floor cushions near you while others play with toys nearby. Before morning tea she has diarrhoea, which has escaped her nappy. She has two similar episodes in the next two hours and a temperature of 37.2 degrees.When you contact Monica’s father to ask that she be collected he says he is unable to get there for another two to three hours due to an important work meeting.

Answer or complete the following tasks:

1. What would you do to comfort Monica?

2. What would you do to minimise the risk of infection to other children and staff?

Case Study 3

Caden has been absent for a few days. When he returns to care his mum, Angie, tells you that he is recovering from an ear infection and that he needs to take antibiotics twice a day and have ear drops administered every 4 hours. She provides a medical certificate stating Caden is well enough to return to care and a letter from his Doctor detailing the medication he has to take. You will need to give Caden the antibiotics at 5.00pm as his mother does not collect him until 5.30pm and also the ear drops at 11.00am and 3.00pm.

Answer or complete the following tasks:

1. Summarise what you need to do to ensure medication can be administered to Caden whilst in care, in accordance with your service’s policy and procedure.

 2. Outline (step by step)  how you would administer the medication to Caden – the antibiotics – the ear drops. 

3. State how medication provided should be stored whilst at the service.

Case study 4

Jackson, aged 4, at the moment is refusing to wash his hands before eating. He attends care 5 days each week and has protested to washing his hands for the last 3 days. He seems adamant he does not need to wash his hands and that they are clean.Answer or complete the following task:1. Describe four practices you could implement to support Jackson learn and implement personal hygiene practices.

Case study 5

Banjo is a 2 ½ year old who attends care three days each week. He is becoming increasingly harder to settle after lunch for his sleep. His mother, Kate, has stated he does not always have a day sleep at home, and that typically he is asleep by 7pm. He sleeps 12 – 13 hours each night. 

You have observed during the day Banjo does not tend to display tired signs or cues. Answer or complete the following tasks:

1. How can you ensure sleep and rest practices meet Banjo’s individual needs?

2. How could information be shared with his parents about his daily rest or sleep at the service?

Case study 6

Neve, a 3 year old child with severe allergies is enrolled to start care at the service at the commencement of the year. Neve is allergic to peanuts, tree nuts such as cashews, almonds and hazelnuts, and egg. Neve’s parents, Sarah and Michael, have told you Neve can experience difficulty breathing, swelling or tightness in the throat and a hoarse voice as a result of her allergies. Symptoms usually appear within minutes of exposure to the allergens. Neve has been prescribed adrenaline in an auto-injector, commonly known as an EpiPen ® for administration in an emergency. She currently weighs under 20kg so uses the EpiPen ® Junior which administers a smaller dose of adrenaline.

Answer or complete the following tasks:

1. What would you ask the parents for while they are enrolling Neve?

2. What procedures would you need to ensure are in place before Neve commences care?

3. What privacy considerations should be taken into account in relation to Neve’s health needs?

4. How would you ensure Neve does not eat nuts and eggs, and is catered for during meal times?

5. What training would be necessary for the staff before Neve commences?

6. Develop an individual Anaphylaxis Plan to display at the service for Neve. Outline how to administer the EpiPen ® Junior in your plan.

Case study 7

Jett, aged 9 months, has arrived at care for the last 5 days wearing a hooded jacket or jumper due to the cooler weather. Policies and procedures in place at the service ask that this type of clothing be avoided, in particular for young children who have a sleep or rest when at the service for safety reasons.
Answer or complete the following task:

1. Outline the points you should discuss with Jett’s parents to ensure Jett is dressed appropriately and in accordance with the service’s clothing and/or sleep and rest policies and procedures in place. Ensure you state the potential hazards and risks that Jett could be faced with when wearing a hoodie at childcare.

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